{
  "name": "Global Civil Aviation Drone Regulatory Frameworks and Operational Thresholds",
  "description": "Comparative cross-jurisdictional operational thresholds, pilot licensing mandates, registration rules, and altitude limits across major civil aviation authorities, compiled from official FAA, EASA, UK CAA, Transport Canada, CASA, and ICAO regulatory statutes as of November 2026.",
  "page": "https://casrai.org/guides/drone-regulation",
  "publisher": "CASRAI",
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "dateModified": "2026-11-14T01:25:06Z",
  "temporalCoverage": "2024/2026",
  "spatialCoverage": "Global",
  "columns": [
    {
      "name": "Jurisdiction / Authority",
      "unit": "",
      "description": "National or international civil aviation regulatory body"
    },
    {
      "name": "Governing Regulation",
      "unit": "",
      "description": "Primary statute, regulation, or standard manual"
    },
    {
      "name": "Commercial Weight Threshold",
      "unit": "kg",
      "description": "Maximum takeoff mass ceiling for standard small UAS rules"
    },
    {
      "name": "Registration Weight Floor",
      "unit": "g",
      "description": "Weight threshold triggering mandatory registration"
    },
    {
      "name": "Standard Altitude Limit",
      "unit": "m",
      "description": "Standard maximum permissible flight altitude AGL"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pilot Credential Required",
      "unit": "",
      "description": "Mandatory remote pilot license, certificate, or rating"
    },
    {
      "name": "Remote ID Mandate",
      "unit": "",
      "description": "Status of digital broadcast identification requirement"
    },
    {
      "name": "BVLOS Authorization Route",
      "unit": "",
      "description": "Statutory mechanism for Beyond Visual Line of Sight approval"
    }
  ],
  "rows": [
    {
      "Jurisdiction / Authority": "United States (FAA)",
      "Governing Regulation": "14 CFR Part 107 / Part 89",
      "Commercial Weight Threshold": 25,
      "Registration Weight Floor": 250,
      "Standard Altitude Limit": 122,
      "Pilot Credential Required": "Remote Pilot Certificate (Part 107)",
      "Remote ID Mandate": "Mandatory (Part 89)",
      "BVLOS Authorization Route": "Part 107.200 Waiver / Part 108 Rulemaking"
    },
    {
      "Jurisdiction / Authority": "European Union (EASA)",
      "Governing Regulation": "Regulation (EU) 2019/947",
      "Commercial Weight Threshold": 25,
      "Registration Weight Floor": 250,
      "Standard Altitude Limit": 120,
      "Pilot Credential Required": "A1/A3 Certificate / A2 Remote Pilot Certificate",
      "Remote ID Mandate": "Mandatory (Class C1-C3 / Direct Remote ID)",
      "BVLOS Authorization Route": "Specific Category SORA / Standard Scenario STS-02"
    },
    {
      "Jurisdiction / Authority": "United Kingdom (UK CAA)",
      "Governing Regulation": "CAP 722 / Retained EU 2019/947",
      "Commercial Weight Threshold": 25,
      "Registration Weight Floor": 250,
      "Standard Altitude Limit": 122,
      "Pilot Credential Required": "Flyer ID / General Visual Line of Sight (GVC)",
      "Remote ID Mandate": "Mandatory (Direct Remote ID / CAP 722C)",
      "BVLOS Authorization Route": "Specific Category Operational Authorisation / PDRA-01"
    },
    {
      "Jurisdiction / Authority": "Canada (Transport Canada)",
      "Governing Regulation": "CARs Part IX (SOR/96-433)",
      "Commercial Weight Threshold": 25,
      "Registration Weight Floor": 250,
      "Standard Altitude Limit": 122,
      "Pilot Credential Required": "Pilot Certificate - Basic or Advanced Operations",
      "Remote ID Mandate": "NAV CANADA RPAS Traffic Management Integration",
      "BVLOS Authorization Route": "Special Flight Operations Certificate (SFOC-RPAS)"
    },
    {
      "Jurisdiction / Authority": "Australia (CASA)",
      "Governing Regulation": "CASR Part 101",
      "Commercial Weight Threshold": 25,
      "Registration Weight Floor": 250,
      "Standard Altitude Limit": 120,
      "Pilot Credential Required": "Remote Pilot Licence (RePL) / Excluded RPA Sub-2kg",
      "Remote ID Mandate": "Mandatory for Controlled Airspace Trials",
      "BVLOS Authorization Route": "Specific Approval / SORA Methodology"
    },
    {
      "Jurisdiction / Authority": "International (ICAO)",
      "Governing Regulation": "Doc 10019 RPAS Manual / Model UAS Regs",
      "Commercial Weight Threshold": 25,
      "Registration Weight Floor": 250,
      "Standard Altitude Limit": 122,
      "Pilot Credential Required": "Remote Pilot Licence (Annex 1 Standard)",
      "Remote ID Mandate": "ICAO Standard Remote Identification Framework",
      "BVLOS Authorization Route": "State Bilateral Operational Approval / SARPs Annex 6"
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "FAA UAS Commercial Operators Portal",
      "url": "https://www.faa.gov/uas/commercial_operators",
      "accessed": "2026-11-13"
    },
    {
      "title": "EASA Civil Drones Easy Access Rules",
      "url": "https://www.easa.europa.eu/domains/civil-drones",
      "accessed": "2026-11-13"
    },
    {
      "title": "UK CAA CAP 722 Guidance & Policy",
      "url": "https://www.caa.co.uk/our-work/publications/p-z/cap-722/",
      "accessed": "2026-11-13"
    },
    {
      "title": "Transport Canada Drone Safety Portal",
      "url": "https://tc.canada.ca/en/aviation/drone-safety",
      "accessed": "2026-11-13"
    },
    {
      "title": "ICAO Unmanned Aviation Guidelines",
      "url": "https://www.icao.int/safety/UA/",
      "accessed": "2026-11-13"
    }
  ]
}