Tag: plan s governance

  • cOAlition S Executive Steering Group Explained

    The cOAlition S Executive Steering Group (ESG) is the body that develops and implements Plan S strategy day to day, taking majority-vote decisions and reporting upward to the funder-led Leaders’ Group. It is chaired by Lidia Borrell-Damián, Secretary General of Science Europe, and is now working alongside Curt Rice, appointed Director in May 2026 after Johan Rooryck’s departure in July 2025.

    The coalition s executive steering group is the operational engine most people mean when they ask “who actually runs Plan S” — as distinct from the Leaders’ Group, which sets overall direction but meets far less frequently. For research administrators trying to work out who to brief, lobby, or route a query to, the distinction matters.

    cOAlition S is an informal alliance of research funders and performers that have publicly committed to implementing the open-access principles of Plan S; it holds no independent legal capacity of its own, according to its published Terms of Reference.

    What is the Executive Steering Group and who sits on it?

    The Executive Steering Group is the standing body responsible for developing cOAlition S’s strategy and overseeing its implementation across member organisations. It sits below the Leaders’ Group in the governance hierarchy but is where most of the substantive, ongoing work happens.

    According to cOAlition S’s published governance roster, current and recent ESG representatives include:

    • Lidia Borrell-Damián (Chair) — Secretary General, Science Europe
    • Zoé Ancion — ANR, French National Research Agency
    • Michael Arentoft — European Commission
    • Rachel Bruce — UKRI, UK Research and Innovation
    • Ian Coltart — World Health Organisation
    • Ashley Farley — Gates Foundation
    • Mongezi Mdhluli — South African Medical Research Council
    • Bodo Stern — HHMI, Howard Hughes Medical Institute

    Two cOAlition S Office roles — a Programme Manager and a Communications Manager — sit in the ESG in a Secretariat capacity, and Marc Schiltz, an architect of the original Plan S principles, continues as a non-voting adviser. Because national funder representatives rotate, administrators should treat any published roster as a snapshot rather than a permanent list.

    How does the ESG fit into cOAlition S’s wider governance?

    cOAlition S runs a four-layer structure: the Leaders’ Group (heads of funding and performing organisations, who approve overall strategy and budget), the Executive Steering Group (which develops and executes that strategy), an Experts Group (technical working groups), and the cOAlition S Secretariat, which is hosted by OPERAS AISBL in Brussels and provides day-to-day administrative and communications support.

    Body Role Chair / lead Decision power
    Leaders’ Group Sets overall Plan S strategy and budget Prof. Mari Sundli Tveit, Chief Executive, Research Council of Norway Highest authority; approves ESG proposals
    Executive Steering Group Develops and implements strategy; runs operations Lidia Borrell-Damián, Science Europe Majority vote; reports to Leaders’ Group
    Secretariat / Office Administrative, financial and communications support Curt Rice, Director Executes decisions; no independent vote
    Experts Group Technical and policy working groups Rotating co-chairs Advisory input to ESG

    The Secretariat’s own budget illustrates how much the operation has contracted: cOAlition S’s published accounts show total Office spending of €545,167 in 2025, down from €1,108,186 in 2024, with staffing falling from roughly 3 full-time-equivalent posts in 2024 to 2 in 2025 — consistent with reporting that cOAlition S is scaling back its ambitions and shifting focus toward funding sustainability.

    Who leads the ESG now Curt Rice has replaced Johan Rooryck?

    Prof. Johan Rooryck, cOAlition S’s Executive Director since 2019, left the role on 3 July 2025 after overseeing the coalition’s expansion to 28 research funding and performing organisations. Following his departure, the Executive Steering Group itself took on interim oversight of operations while cOAlition S undertook a strategic review.

    cOAlition S announced on 13 May 2026 that Curt Rice, former rector of Oslo Metropolitan University with more than three decades in Norwegian and international higher education, would become its new Director. Notably, the title changed from “Executive Director” to “Director” — a small but real signal of a leaner operating model. The appointment coincided with the adoption of cOAlition S’s 2026–2030 Strategy, which administrators should read as the current reference document for near-term priorities.

    Under the Terms of Reference, the Director leads the Secretariat team, reports to the Chair of the Executive Steering Group, and acts as cOAlition S’s main spokesperson — meaning press and policy enquiries typically route through this office rather than directly to individual ESG members.

    What does the ESG actually decide, and how?

    The Executive Steering Group takes decisions by majority vote among its members and reports those decisions to the Leaders’ Group. Its remit covers developing strategic input, overseeing joint programmes and funding streams, and directing cOAlition S’s public communications through the Office.

    In practice this means the ESG — not the Leaders’ Group — is where day-to-day questions about Plan S implementation, transformative journal assessments, and funder-alignment issues get resolved before reaching the funders’ principals. The Leaders’ Group retains final sign-off on strategy and budget, but rarely intervenes at the operational level.

    Answer-first Q&A

    Who are the members of the cOAlition S Executive Steering Group?

    The ESG is chaired by Lidia Borrell-Damián of Science Europe and includes representatives from funders such as UKRI, the European Commission, ANR, WHO, the Gates Foundation, HHMI, and the South African Medical Research Council, plus non-voting cOAlition S Office staff. Membership rotates as national funders change their delegates.

    What is the difference between the Leaders’ Group and the Executive Steering Group?

    The Leaders’ Group comprises heads of member organisations and approves overall Plan S strategy and budget. The Executive Steering Group develops that strategy in detail, runs day-to-day implementation, and takes majority-vote decisions, reporting upward to the Leaders’ Group rather than acting independently.

    Who is the current Director of cOAlition S?

    Curt Rice became Director on 13 May 2026, succeeding Johan Rooryck, who departed on 3 July 2025. Rice previously served as rector of Oslo Metropolitan University and leads the Secretariat team, reporting to the Chair of the Executive Steering Group.

    Does the Executive Steering Group have the final say on Plan S policy?

    No. The ESG develops strategy and takes operational decisions by majority vote, but the Leaders’ Group holds final authority over overall strategy and budget. The ESG’s role is to execute and report, not to set Plan S’s ultimate direction unilaterally.

    What this means for research administrators

    For an institution needing to raise a Plan S implementation question, engagement route should generally go through the Secretariat/Office first — now under Curt Rice’s Directorship — rather than direct outreach to individual Executive Steering Group members, who serve in a part-time, delegated capacity alongside their home-organisation roles.

    Administrators tracking funder-mandate compliance for research administration purposes should also note the contraction in cOAlition S’s own resourcing: a shrinking Secretariat budget and headcount suggests slower turnaround on ad hoc queries and a narrower work programme under the 2026–2030 Strategy than in the coalition’s 2019–2023 growth phase.

    • Route policy and compliance queries to the Secretariat/Office, not individual ESG delegates.
    • Cite the Terms of Reference and governance page directly when briefing institutional leadership — both are publicly hosted by cOAlition S.
    • Expect the 2026–2030 Strategy, not the original 2018 Plan S text, to be the live reference point for near-term commitments.

    cOAlition S’s governance has moved from a growth-and-advocacy phase under Rooryck to a leaner, sustainability-focused phase under Rice and Borrell-Damián’s ESG chairmanship. Administrators who track this shift — rather than relying on the original 2018 Plan S announcement — will have a more accurate picture of who holds real influence over open-access mandates in 2026 and beyond.

  • cOAlition S Leaders Group Explained: Governance, Executive Steering Group and Funders

    What Is cOAlition S and How Is It Governed?

    Research administrators tracking open-access compliance often ask who is actually behind Plan S decisions. The cOAlition S Leaders Group is the top decision-making body of cOAlition S, the international consortium of research funders that launched Plan S in 2018 to mandate immediate open access to publicly funded research.

    cOAlition S itself has no autonomous legal capacity. It is, in its own words, “an informal alliance of organisations and institutions that fund and/or perform research activities” whose members have publicly committed to implementing Plan S principles. That single fact shapes everything else about its governance: policy is agreed collectively, but enforcement remains the legal responsibility of each individual funder.

    Governance runs through three tiers: the Leaders Group sets strategy, the Executive Steering Group implements it, and a secretariat provides day-to-day operational support. Two supporting bodies — an Experts Group and a network of Open Access Ambassadors — feed technical advice and community feedback into the process.

    The Leaders Group: Where Plan S Policy Is Set

    The Leaders Group is composed of the heads of cOAlition S member organisations — national and regional research funders, philanthropic funders, and the European Commission. It approves the coalition’s overall strategy, agrees the principles that Plan S-aligned policies must follow, and appoints both the Executive Director and the Executive Steering Group.

    As of 2026, the Leaders Group is chaired by Mari Sundli Tveit, Chief Executive of the Research Council of Norway and President of Science Europe — a dual role that illustrates how tightly cOAlition S governance and Science Europe leadership now overlap.

    A sample of Leaders Group representation, drawn from cOAlition S’s published governance list, shows the geographic and institutional spread involved:

    Member organisation Country / region Leaders Group representative
    Research Council of Norway Norway Mari Sundli Tveit (Chair)
    Research Council of Finland (AKA) Finland Floora Ruokonen
    French National Research Agency (ANR) France Claire Giry
    Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency (ARIS) Slovenia Mirjam Dular
    European Commission European Union Marc Lemaître
    Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) Portugal Francisco Santos
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) United States (philanthropic) Bodo Stern
    Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) United States (philanthropic) Randy Schekman

    Membership turns over as staff change roles, so the current, authoritative composition is always the governance list published on coalition-s.org rather than any secondary source — including this one.

    The Executive Steering Group, Director, and Secretariat

    Below the Leaders Group sits the Executive Steering Group, which translates approved strategy into an operational work plan and supervises the cOAlition S Office. It is chaired by Lidia Borrell-Damián, Secretary General of Science Europe — again reflecting the close personnel overlap between the two bodies.

    Day-to-day leadership sits with the Executive Director, who leads the Executive Steering Group and acts as the coalition’s principal spokesperson. Leadership has changed hands recently: Johan Rooryck stepped down in July 2025 after six years in the role, a period that saw the coalition’s fastest growth. Curt Rice, a former university rector, was subsequently appointed Director in May 2026 to lead strategy implementation.

    Operational and financial support is provided by the secretariat, which is appointed by and reports to the Leaders Group. The secretariat’s hosting arrangement has itself shifted: cOAlition S functions moved from the European Science Foundation to OPERAS AISBL, a Brussels-based research infrastructure for open scholarly communication, which now hosts the cOAlition S Secretariat.

    The coalition’s own published figures show its office budget has contracted sharply as activities matured: total spending fell from roughly €1.12 million in 2022 to €545,167 in 2025, with staffing dropping from 3.5 FTE (2022–23) to around 2 FTE in 2025, partly reflecting the sunsetting of the Journal Comparison Service in early 2025.

    • Leaders Group — policy-making and strategic direction
    • Executive Steering Group — implementation and oversight of the work plan
    • Secretariat (OPERAS AISBL) — finance, operations, communications
    • Experts Group — technical and policy advice
    • Open Access Ambassadors — community outreach and feedback

    Answer-First: Common Questions on cOAlition S Governance

    Who sits on the cOAlition S Leaders Group?

    The Leaders Group is made up of the heads of cOAlition S member organisations — national and regional research funders, philanthropic funders, and the European Commission. It approves overall strategy, agrees Plan S principles, and appoints the Executive Director and Executive Steering Group.

    What does the cOAlition S Executive Steering Group do?

    The Executive Steering Group turns Leaders Group strategy into an operational work plan and supervises the cOAlition S Office. It is chaired by the Secretary General of Science Europe, while the coalition’s Executive Director leads day-to-day delivery and public representation.

    Who is the current director of cOAlition S?

    Curt Rice was appointed Director of cOAlition S in May 2026, succeeding Johan Rooryck, who stepped down as Executive Director in July 2025 after six years leading the coalition through its period of fastest growth and expansion.

    Where is the cOAlition S secretariat based?

    The cOAlition S Secretariat is hosted by OPERAS AISBL, a research infrastructure for open scholarly communication based in Brussels, Belgium. It replaced the European Science Foundation as host and now provides operational, financial, and communications support to the coalition.

    Member Funders and the Science Europe Connection

    cOAlition S is frequently — and inaccurately — conflated with Science Europe, the Brussels-based association of European research funding and research-performing organisations. The two are formally distinct bodies with separate mandates, but the overlap in senior personnel is real and consequential: both the Leaders Group chair and the Executive Steering Group chair currently hold senior Science Europe positions.

    This overlap matters for institutions tracking policy signals. When Science Europe’s governing board discusses open-access principles, the same individuals frequently carry those positions into cOAlition S Leaders Group meetings, and vice versa. Research offices monitoring funder mandates should therefore treat Science Europe statements and cOAlition S announcements as related but not interchangeable — each body has its own decision process and its own binding effect on individual funders’ policies.

    Member funders span national research councils (Norway, Finland, France, Slovenia, Portugal, among others), the European Commission, and private philanthropic funders such as HHMI and ASAP. Each retains full legal responsibility for enforcing its own open-access policy — cOAlition S coordinates the principles, but compliance monitoring (for example through the Journal Checker Tool) happens at the level of the individual funder.

    What This Means for Institutions, Publishers, and Researchers

    For research administration and funder-compliance teams, the practical implication is that Plan S obligations are not centrally enforced. Institutions should track the specific published policy of whichever cOAlition S funder supports a given grant, rather than assuming a single unified cOAlition S rulebook applies everywhere.

    For publishers, the leadership transition to a new Director in 2026, alongside the secretariat’s move to OPERAS, signals a period of operational change rather than a shift in Plan S’s core open-access principles. The coalition entered a new 2026–2030 strategic phase that reaffirms open access while broadening its remit toward “rapid, open, transparent, and equitable” sharing of research more generally — a scope expansion worth watching for anyone tracking open-science mandates rather than open-access mandates narrowly.

    For anyone building funder-compliance workflows, the governance map is straightforward once separated into its three tiers: strategy (Leaders Group), implementation (Executive Steering Group and Director), and operations (Secretariat). Understanding which tier issued a given statement helps determine whether it reflects settled policy or an in-progress work plan.