Ethics & Informed Consent: Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) (Singapore)

1. Ethical Principles & Legislative Framework

In research involving human participants, securing ethical clearance is a critical first step. For a Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) being conducted in Singapore, study designs must align with the primary regulatory legislation: Human Biomedical Research Act (HBRA). This statutory framework ensures participant welfare, confidentiality, and voluntary involvement are protected.

Administrative review and formal approval are managed by a local or regional Institutional Review Board (IRB). Researchers must secure full approval or a formal exemption certificate from this board before recruiting any participants or commencing data collection.

2. Study Design Elements & Reporting Integrity

For a Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT), the review board places significant focus on methodological transparency. The application must outline the research rationale, recruitment protocols, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and data protection measures.

Study Classification: High Risk (Interventional)

This interventional trial requires strict protocol adherence, allocation concealment, robust adverse event monitoring, and emergency unblinding guidelines.

To guarantee academic integrity and reproducibility, the study report and subsequent publications should follow the internationally recognised reporting standard: CONSORT statement.

3. Informed Consent & Information Sheet Guidelines

A robust participant information sheet and informed consent form are critical parts of the ethical application. Ensure your documentation incorporates the following components:

• Plain Language Explanations: Avoid complex medical or technical terminology. Ensure readability matches the general population.
• Voluntary Participation: Explicitly state that participation is entirely voluntary and that individuals can withdraw at any time without negative consequences.
• Confidentiality & Data Controls: Explain how participant data will be anonymised or pseudonymised, who will have access to it, and how long it will be securely retained under Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA).
• Risk/Benefit Disclosure: Clearly list any potential risks, discomforts, or direct benefits associated with participation in the study.
• Ethics Board Contact Information: Provide the contact details of the reviewing Institutional Review Board (IRB) so participants can reach out if they have questions or concerns.

Research Ethics, Clinical Trials & Institutional Governance

To run a high-quality Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) in Singapore, the protocol must strictly observe the Declaration of Helsinki ethical principles for clinical trials. Under active regulations, investigators must explicitly justify if any temporary deception in psychological research is planned for patients. The communication process must uphold the core ethical principles of informed consent, detailing voluntary withdrawal rights. Pre-requisites for starting the trial include a formal clinical trial registration and a signed clinical trial agreement contract. The research team must document all safety parameters to obtain complete research ethics approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB). Ethical oversight committees in Singapore audit the study's consent registry periodically to verify compliance with national legal statutes.

4. Regulatory Checklist Table

To streamline your ethical review submission, use the structured alignment checklist below:

6. Frequently Asked Questions