The intellectual labour of evaluating a scholarly submission's validity, originality, significance, and clarity for a journal, funder, or conference, distinct from authorship and from editorial decision-making.

ByCASRAI Editorial Board

· Last updated 21 May 2026

Examples

Worked examples

Is an instance
A reviewer's ORCID record showing 30 reviews for a named journal over five years

Counter-examples

Looks similar, but isn't

Not an instance
Informally reading a colleague's draft over lunch is feedback, not formal peer review in the creditable sense

Editorial commentary

Peer review is increasingly recognised as a creditable contribution through ORCID review records, Publons-style platforms, journal-issued reviewer credit, and open peer review. CASRAI has long documented peer-review activity types. Disclosure conventions vary from fully anonymous to open and named.

References

NISO Peer Review Terminology Recommended Practice (NISO RP-29-2024)
ORCID Peer Review Records documentation

Also known as

Reviewer credit · Refereeing

Machine-readable encodings

Use in your systems

JATS XML <role> element

xml

<role vocab="credit"
      vocab-identifier="https://casrai.org/dictionary/"
      vocab-term="Peer reviewer contribution"
      vocab-term-identifier="https://casrai.org/dictionary/term/peer-reviewer-contribution" />

Schema.org DefinedTerm (JSON-LD)

json

{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "DefinedTerm",
  "@id": "https://casrai.org/dictionary/term/peer-reviewer-contribution",
  "name": "Peer reviewer contribution",
  "identifier": "https://casrai.org/dictionary/term/peer-reviewer-contribution",
  "description": "The intellectual labour of evaluating a scholarly submission's validity, originality, significance, and clarity for a journal, funder, or conference, distinct from authorship and from editorial decision-making.",
  "inDefinedTermSet": "https://casrai.org/dictionary/domain/credit-extensions#set",
  "url": "https://casrai.org/dictionary/term/peer-reviewer-contribution",
  "sameAs": [
    "Reviewer credit",
    "Refereeing"
  ],
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "publisher": {
    "@id": "https://casrai.org/#organization"
  },
  "dateModified": "2026-05-21T01:58:09",
  "inLanguage": "en"
}

Referenced across the research world

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