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v2026.1714 entries · CC-BY 4.0
Dictionary termTrack AStablev2026.2

Prompt engineering

The practice of designing, refining, and structuring input text given to a generative AI system in order to elicit specific desired outputs, including techniques such as role assignment, few-shot examples, chain-of-thought scaffolding, and output-format specification.

ByCASRAI Editorial Board
· Last updated 21 May 2026

Examples

Worked examples

  • Is an instance

    Specifying 'You are a careful systematic reviewer. List inclusion criteria first, then…' to structure an LLM literature triage

Counter-examples

Looks similar, but isn't

  • Not an instance

    Typing a single-word query into a chatbot is using an LLM but is not prompt engineering in the disciplined sense

Editorial commentary

For reproducibility in scholarly work, prompts that produced reported AI outputs should be archived alongside outputs. Prompt engineering is itself a human intellectual contribution that may merit acknowledgement when central to a result, but does not by itself confer authorship of AI-generated text.

References

  • Wei et al. 2022 ‘Chain-of-Thought Prompting’ NeurIPS
  • OpenAI Prompt Engineering Guide

Also known as

Prompt design · Prompting

Machine-readable encodings

Use in your systems

JATS XML <role> element
xml
<role vocab="credit"
      vocab-identifier="https://casrai.org/dictionary/"
      vocab-term="Prompt engineering"
      vocab-term-identifier="https://casrai.org/dictionary/term/prompt-engineering" />
Schema.org DefinedTerm (JSON-LD)
json
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "DefinedTerm",
  "name": "Prompt engineering",
  "identifier": "https://casrai.org/dictionary/term/prompt-engineering",
  "description": "The practice of designing, refining, and structuring input text given to a generative AI system in order to elicit specific desired outputs, including techniques such as role assignment, few-shot examples, chain-of-thought scaffolding, and output-format specification.",
  "inDefinedTermSet": "https://casrai.org/dictionary/domain/generative-ai-use-and-disclosure/",
  "url": "https://casrai.org/dictionary/term/prompt-engineering",
  "sameAs": [
    "Prompt design",
    "Prompting"
  ],
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}

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