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v2026.1714 entries · CC-BY 4.0

Jurisdiction · CN

CASRAI standards in mainland China

China is the world's largest producer of scientific publications (since 2017) and second-largest R&D spender (~$680B, 2023 estimate). The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), and Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) are the main public funders. ORCID adoption has accelerated; CRediT awareness rising via internationalisation of Chinese journals.

Key funders

Who funds research here

  • NSFC (National Natural Science Foundation of China)
  • MOST (Ministry of Science and Technology)
  • CAS (Chinese Academy of Sciences)
  • CSC (China Scholarship Council)

Assessment frameworks

How research is evaluated

  • NSFC track record
  • Chinese university 'double first-class' assessment

Mandates

Active rules + when they took effect

NSFC ORCID requirement

NSFC applications increasingly require ORCID iDs for PI + key team members.

Three Lists / Five Don'ts (2020+)

Research integrity policies against duplicate submission, ghost-authorship, paper-mill output, and impact-factor-only assessment.

Open access via CSTR

Chinese Open Access Mandate via the China S&T Repository (CSTR).

Adopted by research universities worldwide

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  • University of Cambridge logo
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  • Harvard University logo
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology logo
  • University of Oxford logo
  • Princeton University logo
  • Stanford School of Medicine logo
  • University College London logo

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