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v2026.1714 entries · CC-BY 4.0
Dictionary termTrack BStablev2026.2

MODS

Metadata Object Description Schema: a Library of Congress XML schema for descriptive bibliographic metadata, designed as a richer alternative to Dublin Core and a more flexible alternative to MARC for library, archive, and repository contexts.

ByCASRAI Editorial Board
· Last updated 21 May 2026

Examples

Worked examples

  • Is an instance

    A book record in MODS with titleInfo, names with roles (creator, editor, illustrator), publisher, language, subjects, and ISBN identifier.

  • Is an instance

    MODS metadata embedded in the dmdSec of a METS object.

Counter-examples

Looks similar, but isn't

  • Not an instance

    A MARC21 record is not MODS, though it can be converted to MODS.

  • Not an instance

    A BibTeX entry is not MODS.

Editorial commentary

MODS provides a controlled set of elements (titleInfo, name, typeOfResource, originInfo, language, physicalDescription, abstract, subject, classification, relatedItem, identifier, location, accessCondition, recordInfo, etc.) that cover most of MARC’s expressive capacity while being more human-readable. MODS is commonly embedded within METS for digital library objects and is supported by many repository platforms as an alternative descriptive metadata format.

References

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Also known as

Metadata Object Description Schema

Machine-readable encodings

Use in your systems

JATS XML <role> element
xml
<role vocab="credit"
      vocab-identifier="https://casrai.org/dictionary/"
      vocab-term="MODS"
      vocab-term-identifier="https://casrai.org/dictionary/term/mods" />
Schema.org DefinedTerm (JSON-LD)
json
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "DefinedTerm",
  "name": "MODS",
  "identifier": "https://casrai.org/dictionary/term/mods",
  "description": "Metadata Object Description Schema: a Library of Congress XML schema for descriptive bibliographic metadata, designed as a richer alternative to Dublin Core and a more flexible alternative to MARC for library, archive, and repository contexts.",
  "inDefinedTermSet": "https://casrai.org/dictionary/domain/research-information-systems-and-integration/",
  "url": "https://casrai.org/dictionary/term/mods",
  "sameAs": [
    "Metadata Object Description Schema"
  ],
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}

Adopted by research universities worldwide

University of Cambridge logoColumbia University logoUniversity of Edinburgh logoHarvard University logoMassachusetts Institute of Technology logoUniversity of Oxford logoPrinceton University logoStanford School of Medicine logoUniversity College London logoUniversity of Cambridge logoColumbia University logoUniversity of Edinburgh logoHarvard University logoMassachusetts Institute of Technology logoUniversity of Oxford logoPrinceton University logoStanford School of Medicine logoUniversity College London logo
  • University of Cambridge logo
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  • Harvard University logo
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  • University of Oxford logo
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  • Stanford School of Medicine logo
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