Social Sciences & Humanities
Library & Information Science
Scholarship on information organisation, retrieval, and stewardship — and the profession that operates much of the research-data and scholarly-communication infrastructure other sectors depend on. Metadata standards, repository practice, and bibliometrics all originate substantially here.
44 pages across 4 topic areas
Research Tools & Software
- Backing Up and Restoring a Zotero Library
Zotero’s sync keeps devices current, but the server only holds the most recent version — not a backup history. This guide covers what’s actually in th…
- Citing Sources in PowerPoint with Zotero
Zotero has no official PowerPoint plugin. Here are the four real ways to get a correctly formatted citation onto a slide, and what each one costs you …
- Exporting a Zotero Library into EndNote
Two ways to migrate a Zotero library into EndNote — RIS export for references only, and EndNote XML export to bring attached PDFs along — plus the ite…
- EndNote Cite While You Write Explained: What CWYW Actually Stores in Your Document
Cite While You Write inserts a hidden field code, not plain text, at every citation. Here’s what that data actually holds and why it matters for co-au…
- Zotero Storage Plans and Quota Management
What actually consumes a Zotero storage quota, the free and paid plans, the stored-vs-linked attachment choice that controls it, and the WebDAV self-h…
- Installing and Editing EndNote Output Styles
How to find a journal-specific EndNote output style you don’t already have, install the .ens file, and edit one in the Style Editor when no exact matc…
- Sharing a Zotero Library: Group Setup, Permissions, and Storage Quota
How to share a Zotero library with collaborators using a group library: group types, member roles, the three permission settings, and what happens to …
- Switching EndNote to a Numbered Style in Word (Vancouver, IEEE)
A task-specific walkthrough for converting an EndNote Cite While You Write document to a numbered output style (Vancouver, IEEE), forcing a full renum…
- The RIS File Format: Tag Reference, Why Exports Differ, and How to Repair One by Hand
RIS is the plain-text citation format behind almost every “Export citation” button. This reference covers what the specification actually requires, wh…
- EndNote Click (Formerly Kopernio): What It Retrieves, and Who Configures Your Institution’s Access
EndNote Click is the browser extension formerly called Kopernio: subscription Version of Record first, open access second, your link resolver third. I…
- Using the PubMed E-utilities API: ESearch, EFetch, ELink and the 9,999-Record Ceiling
A measured, end-to-end walkthrough of pulling a department or author publication set from PubMed over HTTP: ESearch, EFetch, ELink, EPost and the Hist…
- Installing EndNote Cite While You Write in Word: Both Platforms, and the Two Repairs Vendor Docs Bury
Cite While You Write is not a separate download – it installs with EndNote Desktop. This page covers the install order that breaks it, the Windows COM…
- Google Scholar Alerts: The Three Types, Why They Decay, and How to Design a Query That Lasts
A Scholar alert is a saved query that runs unattended for years, and it inherits every silent failure of Scholar’s query parser. The three alert types…
- Using Zotero with Google Docs: The Word Round-Trip and Shared-Document Failures
Zotero stores Google Docs citations as links, not field codes. That single fact explains the dead citations after a .docx download, the collaborator w…
- Using the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph API: Batch Recipes and Real Rate Limits
Three worked recipes for the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph API — resolving DOIs in 500-id batches, pulling citation contexts, and bulk retrieval tha…
- The PubMed Advanced Search Builder: Numbered History, Field Tags, and Reading Search Details
The Advanced Search page gives you a Builder, a numbered History and a Search Details expander. The third is the one that matters: PubMed routinely ru…
- How to Use EndNote: A Researcher’s First-Project Walkthrough
A first-project walkthrough of EndNote 2025 on Windows and macOS: build a library that will not corrupt, import from a database, attach PDFs, cite in …
- MeSH Terms in PubMed: Explosion, Major Topic, Subheadings — and What MeSH Alone Misses
Explosion, [majr] and subheadings are the three mechanics that change what a MeSH search returns — each documented against NLM’s PubMed User Guide and…
- Citation Management Software for a Research Group: Shared Libraries, Licensing, and Ownership
Deploying citation management software for a research group is a different problem from choosing one for yourself. Library ownership and succession, s…
- Google Scholar Advanced Search: Which Operators Actually Work (and Which Silently Fail)
Google Scholar honours only a handful of search operators, documents almost none of them, and returns plausible results for the ones it ignores. An ev…
- RefWorks: What It Is, Institutional Licensing, and How to Migrate Your Library
RefWorks is a Clarivate/ProQuest reference manager distributed almost entirely through institutional library subscriptions rather than sold to individ…
- LibKey Nomad, BrowZine and Lean Library Compared: What the Library Configures and What the Researcher Sees
Research Information & Identifiers
- IMIST (Morocco): National Scientific and Technical Information Institute
IMIST — the Institut Marocain de l’Information Scientifique et Technique — is Morocco’s national scientific and technical information institute. It op…
- HEC eportal and eServices: Which Portal Runs Degree Attestation and Equivalence, and Why Logins Fail
HEC runs several separate online portals. Degree attestation and equivalence moved to eservices.hec.gov.pk, while the legacy eportal is still live wit…
- Essential Science Indicators (ESI): Fields, Citation Thresholds, Research Fronts and Hot Papers
Essential Science Indicators benchmarks Web of Science papers against 22 field-and-year cohorts. How the top 1% highly cited and top 0.1% hot paper th…
- InCommon Explained: The US Research and Education Identity Federation
InCommon is the identity federation operated by Internet2 that lets a US researcher’s campus login work at thousands of external services. This guide …
- OpenAthens Explained: How It Works and How It Differs from Shibboleth and EZproxy
What OpenAthens is, how the OpenAthens account model relates to institutional SSO, and how its SAML federation differs from Shibboleth and from EZprox…
- Shibboleth Single Sign-On: How Federated SAML Authentication Works
Shibboleth is the open-source SAML software behind “Login via your institution” — how Identity Provider and Service Provider roles work, how InCommon,…
- KENET: Kenya’s Research and Education Network (NREN) Explained
What KENET (Kenya’s National Research and Education Network) is, how its membership and connectivity services work, how it runs eduroam, and how NRENs…
- BanglaJOL (Bangladesh Journals Online): What It Hosts and How Access Works
BanglaJOL is Bangladesh’s national platform for locally published scholarly journals, part of the INASP-founded Journals Online (JOL) family. This gui…
- Philippine E-Journals (PEJ): What It Covers and How to Use It
How Philippine E-Journals (PEJ) aggregates Philippine-published scholarship, how subscription vs open access actually works, and how to find Philippin…
- HEC National Digital Library: How Access Actually Works for Pakistani Researchers
How institutional and off-campus access to Pakistan’s HEC National Digital Library actually works, who is eligible, why publisher coverage varies by l…
- ERIC Database: What It Indexes and How to Search It
ERIC (Education Resources Information Center) is the free, federally funded bibliographic database for education research — what it indexes, EJ vs ED …
- What Is ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT)?
What ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global (PQDT) covers, how university-mediated deposit works, the author-rights difference between Traditional and…
- How to Use WorldCat to Find and Request Materials
A practical guide to using WorldCat as a research tool: locating held items, understanding holdings data, requesting via interlibrary loan, the OCLC n…
- CNKI Explained: What It Is and How to Use a Citation Into It
CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) is China’s largest academic database of journals, dissertations, conference papers, and newspapers. Wha…
- Shodhgangotri: INFLIBNET’s PhD Synopsis Repository
Shodhgangotri is INFLIBNET’s repository of approved PhD research synopses submitted at registration — the companion collection to Shodhganga, which ho…
- Shodhganga: India’s National PhD Thesis Repository (INFLIBNET)
Shodhganga is INFLIBNET’s open-access repository of 600,000+ Indian PhD theses. How to search and download it, how UGC-mandated deposit works, and how…
- OpenAlex: What It Is and How It Works
A practical guide to OpenAlex: the free, CC0 scholarly metadata graph from OurResearch that succeeded Microsoft Academic Graph — its core entities, AP…
Scholarly Publishing
- How the Journal Impact Factor Is Calculated: Citable Items, Front Matter, and Self-Citation
The generic ‘citations divided by citable items’ formula stops short of the mechanics that actually move a journal’s number: Clarivate’s document-type…
- e-ShodhSindhu: What the Consortium Covers and How It Relates to ONOS
e-ShodhSindhu is INFLIBNET’s national e-resources consortium for Indian higher education, formed by merging UGC-INFONET, N-LIST and INDEST-AICTE. What…
- TCI (Thai-Journal Citation Index): Tiers, Indexing Criteria and What Tier 1 Means
Thailand’s Thai-Journal Citation Index classifies journals into Tier 1, 2 and 3 on fixed five-year rounds. What each tier means, how Tier 1 was scored…
- HEC Recognized Journals (HJRS): W, X, Y Categories Explained
What HEC’s Journal Recognition System (HJRS) is, how the W/X/Y category structure works, how journals get categorized and re-evaluated, how it drives …
Research Data Management
- RO-Crate: Packaging Research Data and Metadata for FAIR Reuse
RO-Crate is a lightweight, JSON-LD-based specification for packaging research data, workflows, and software with rich, machine-readable metadata. What…
